“衰菜棘篱深”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《酬李端长安寓居偶咏见寄》是唐代卢纶创作的一首诗词。以下是对该诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

译文：
自别前峰隐，同为外累侵。
几年亲酒会，此日有僧寻。
学稼功还弃，论边事亦沈。
众欢徒满目，专爱久离心。
览鬓丝垂镜，弹琴泪洒襟。
访田悲洛下，寄宅忆山阴。
薄溜漫青石，横云架碧林。
坏檐藤障密，衰菜棘篱深。
流散俱多故，忧伤并在今。
唯当俟高躅，归止共抽簪。

诗意：
这首诗是卢纶给李端写的回诗。诗人自从与李端别后，隐居在前峰，但却常常受到外界的麻烦和干扰。几年来，虽然曾有过亲密的饮酒会，但今天却有一位僧人上门拜访。诗人放弃了曾经学习农耕的成果，对国家边事也漠不关心。众多欢乐充斥眼前，但他专注地思念着长期分离的心情。他看着自己白发斑斑地映照在镜子中，弹奏琴时泪水洒湿衣襟。他思念着洛水下的故友，寄托思念之情于山阴的故宅。薄溜的石头上漫过青苔，云彩横亘于碧绿的林木之间。破损的屋檐被藤蔓密密地遮挡，枯萎的菜蔬长满了尖锐的荆棘篱笆。流离失散的命运给他们带来了许多痛苦，忧伤感觉如今仍在。唯有等待高官晋升，回到故乡共同抽动簪子，才能终止这种困境。

赏析：
这首诗表达了卢纶的离愁别绪和对故乡的思念之情。诗人隐居在前峰，却常常被外界的事务所干扰，感叹着与李端的分别。他放弃了过去的功业，不再关心国家的边事，而是专注于思念和离别的心情。通过描写自己的白发、弹琴时的泪水以及思念洛水和山阴的友人和故乡的场景，诗人表达了对往事的追忆和对离散命运的痛苦。最后，他寄望于高官晋升，以期能够结束流离失所的状态，回到故乡与李端共同分享抽簪之乐。

整首诗以离愁别绪为主题，通过描绘细腻的情感和景物的对比，展现了诗人内心的寂寞和忧伤。同时，诗中也流露出对家国和亲友的眷恋之情《酬李端长安寓居偶咏见寄》 is a poem written by Lu Lun during the Tang Dynasty. Here is the Chinese translation of the poem, followed by an analysis of its meaning and appreciation:

译文：
自别前峰隐，同为外累侵。
几年亲酒会，此日有僧寻。
学稼功还弃，论边事亦沈。
众欢徒满目，专爱久离心。
览鬓丝垂镜，弹琴泪洒襟。
访田悲洛下，寄宅忆山阴。
薄溜漫青石，横云架碧林。
坏檐藤障密，衰菜棘篱深。
流散俱多故，忧伤并在今。
唯当俟高躅，归止共抽簪。

诗意：
This poem is Lu Lun's response to Li Duan. Since their separation, Lu Lun has been living in seclusion on the previous peak, but constantly plagued by external troubles. Over the years, they had intimate gatherings over drinks, but on this day, a monk came to visit. Lu Lun abandoned the accomplishments in agriculture and ceased caring about border affairs. While surrounded by joyous scenes, his heart remained attached to the longing caused by long-term separation. As he looks at his graying temples in the mirror and plays the qin, tears fall onto his lapel. He mourns his visits to the fields near the Luo River and reminisces about his residence in Shanyin. Thin moss covers the slippery green stones, while clouds stretch across the blue forests. The dilapidated eaves are densely covered by tangled vines, and withered vegetables grow amidst thorny hedges. Both Lu Lun and Li Duan have experienced many adversities, and their sorrows persist to this day. They can only wait for high official positions, so they can return home and share the joy of pulling out their hairpins.

赏析：
This poem expresses Lu Lun's feelings of longing and separation from his hometown. Lu Lun lives in seclusion on the previous peak, but is constantly disturbed by external matters, lamenting the separation from Li Duan. He abandons his past accomplishments and ceases to care about the affairs of the state, focusing solely on the emotions of longing and separation. Through the description of his graying hair, the shedding of tears while playing the qin, and his nostalgia for the fields near the Luo River and his residence in Shanyin, Lu Lun conveys his reminiscence of the past and the pain caused by a scattered fate. Finally, he hopes for high official positions, which will allow him to end his wanderings and return home to share the joy of pulling out hairpins with Li Duan.

The poem revolves around the theme of longing and separation, portraying the poet's inner loneliness and sorrow through delicate emotions and contrasting scenery. At the same time, it reveals the poet's attachment to his homeland, country, and loved ones.

chóu lǐ duān cháng ān yù jū ǒu yǒng jiàn jì
酬李端长安寓居偶咏见寄

zì bié qián fēng yǐn, tóng wèi wài lèi qīn.
自别前峰隐，同为外累侵。
jǐ nián qīn jiǔ huì, cǐ rì yǒu sēng xún.
几年亲酒会，此日有僧寻。
xué jià gōng hái qì, lùn biān shì yì shěn.
学稼功还弃，论边事亦沈。
zhòng huān tú mǎn mù, zhuān ài jiǔ lí xīn.
众欢徒满目，专爱久离心。
lǎn bìn sī chuí jìng, tán qín lèi sǎ jīn.
览鬓丝垂镜，弹琴泪洒襟。
fǎng tián bēi luò xià, jì zhái yì shān yīn.
访田悲洛下，寄宅忆山阴。
báo liū màn qīng shí, héng yún jià bì lín.
薄溜漫青石，横云架碧林。
huài yán téng zhàng mì, shuāi cài jí lí shēn.
坏檐藤障密，衰菜棘篱深。
liú sàn jù duō gù, yōu shāng bìng zài jīn.
流散俱多故，忧伤并在今。
wéi dāng qí gāo zhú, guī zhǐ gòng chōu zān.
唯当俟高躅，归止共抽簪。